The future of 5G and beyond: Leadership, deployment and European
This paper discusses the need for a strategic rethinking of the policies that promote 5G development and deployment in Europe, as they are crucial in determining the future
The European 5G Observatory tracks progress in 5G infrastructure deployment across the EU and other regions worldwide according to base stations deployment, edge nodes and infrastructure sharing agreements. Source: IDATE estimates and regulators' data. Reporting period: at December 2024. Source: IDATE estimates and regulators' data.
While in terms of declared policy, the EU's 5G strategy apparently is at the heart of its Digital Single Market Strategy, in practice, the European telecom market continuous to remain excessively fragmented.
Concerning the 5G diffusion, according to GSMA data, 9 in 2021 5G technology accounted for only 4% of the market in Europe, whereas 4G still dominated, representing 75%, while 3G and 2G still accounted respectively for 15% and 6%.
If we are right in thinking that the EU underperforms in terms of technological leadership and 5G deployment because of this fragmentation, the situation can be improved only through an adequate policy action to be conceived and deployed at the European scale.
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